merkle-viz

A Merkle tree commits to a list of items with a single root hash. Tamper with one leaf and the change ripples up O(log n) levels to the root — nothing else can stay the same. Edit a transaction below and watch the trail light up red.

Leaves

Click in any field and edit. Selecting a leaf reveals its inclusion proof. Click tamper to flip one byte and see the root diverge.

Tree

root —

stable changed since baseline proof path sibling (in proof) selected leaf

Inclusion proof

select a leaf above

selected leaf

—

leaf hash

—

proof (sibling hashes from leaf upward)

verify against root

—

—

tamper with the leaf I'm verifying

Replays the proof against this text instead of the real leaf. The root almost always diverges — that's what the proof prevents.